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IRMAA
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Models U.S. federal income tax plus one flat state rate at a time — including a move to another state at ages you choose, so each year is taxed on the state you live in that year — and prices your Medicare IRMAA surcharge from a two-year MAGI lookback. Before Medicare it models marketplace premium tax credits from household MAGI: gross premium comes from what you enter or, if blank, a stated national benchmark silver-plan premium; household size follows filing status (one or two); real premiums vary by age and county and are not modeled that finely; the year you turn 65 is treated as a full pre-Medicare year for this purpose. It does not model any state's actual rules: no per-state brackets, credits or exemptions, no preferential state rate on long-term gains — a state that taxes them below its ordinary rate is modelled at 0% — and no part-year or nonresident allocation, so the whole year you move is taxed on the state you move to. Excludes year-end ACA advance-credit reconciliation on your tax return, NIIT, AMT, and estate tax. Models two-earner wages: each spouse can have wages that stop at an age you choose. One Social Security benefit, and no survivor transition. Excludes a house, mortgage, or other debt. The 72(t)/SEPP penalty waiver is capped at $200,000/yr rather than verified against your actual SEPP schedule. HSA and 529 withdrawals are assumed to be for qualified expenses, so non-qualified spending from either isn't taxed or penalized here. Enabling the rule-of-55 exception waives the penalty on your entire traditional-account balance, since we don't track 401(k) dollars (eligible) separately from IRA dollars (never eligible) within it. Pre-tax contributions are deducted in full with no statutory contribution limit and no Traditional IRA deductibility phase-out for high earners with a workplace plan. Does not model the Social Security earnings test, which can reduce or withhold benefits if you claim before full retirement age while still earning above the annual threshold. Withdrawals default to cash, then taxable, then traditional, then Roth, then HSA, then 529 last. You can instead preserve Roth (Roth last) or tap traditional last.

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